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intelligent dance music
Intelligent dance music (commonly IDM) is a genre of electronic music that emerged in the early 1990s. It was originally influenced by developments in underground dance music such as Detroit techno and various breakbeat styles that were emerging in the UK at that time.〔''"The electronic listening music of the nineties is a prime example of an art form derived from and stimulated by countless influences. Partisan analyses of this music claim a baffling variety of prime sources (Detroit techno, New York electro + Chicago acid, Eno + Bowie, Cage + Reich, Gary Numan + Tangerine Dream) but this is beside the point. To claim ascendancy of one source over another is to deny the labyrinthine entwinements of culture: rooted in political history + the development of science + technology, yet tilting at the boundaries of society + language."'' Toop, David, in the (''Artificial Intelligence II'' sleeve notes ).〕〔Toop, D. (1995),''Ocean of Sound'', Serpent's Tail, pp. 215-216. (ISBN 978-1-85242-743-6).〕 Stylistically, IDM tended to rely upon individualistic experimentation rather than adhering to musical characteristics associated with specific genres of dance music.〔''"…the label ‘IDM’ (for avant-garde, ‘intelligent dance music’) seems to be based more on an association with individualistic experimentation than on a particular set of musical characteristics."'' Butler, M.J., ''Unlocking the Groove: Rhythm, Meter, and Musical Design in Electronic Dance Music'', Indiana University Press, 2006, (p. 80).〕 The range of post-techno〔Post-techno is ''"Any form of electronica genealogically related to techno but departing from it in one way or another. Akin to 'intelligent techno' or 'intelligent dance music'"''. Cox C. & Warner D. ed. (2004), ''Audio Culture: Readings in Modern Music'', Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd, London, (p. 414).〕 styles to emerge in the early 1990s were described variously as "art techno", "ambient techno", "intelligent techno",〔 (Reprint of 1992 intelligent techno article from ''Mixmag'')〕 and "electronica".〔 In the United States, the latter is often used as a catchall term to describe not only downtempo or downbeat/non-dance electronic music but also EDM.
The term "IDM" is said to have originated in the United States in 1993 with the formation of the "IDM list", an electronic mailing list originally chartered for the discussion of music by (but not limited to) a number of prominent English artists, especially those appearing on a 1992 Warp Records compilation called ''Artificial Intelligence''.〔''"the development of IDM (Intelligent Dance Music) is closely entwined with a mailing list established to discuss the work of seminal post-techno producers like Autechre and Aphex Twin; in fact, the name ‘IDM’ originated with the mailing list, but now is routinely applied by reviewers, labels and fans alike."'' Sherburne, P. (2001:172), Organised Sound (2001), 6 : 171-176 Cambridge University Press, 2002.〕
Usage of the term "intelligent dance music" has been criticised by electronic musicians such as Aphex Twin as derogatory towards other styles and is seen by artists such as Mike Paradinas as being particular to the U.S.〔''"'No one really listens to IDM over here,' says Mike Paradinas from his home in Worchester, UK. 'You just say stuff like the Aphex Twin, and they might have heard of him.' It's a bold statement for Paradinas, who, along with friends and contemporaries like Richard James (Aphex Twin) and LFO, was one of that genre's defining artists in London's fertile dance music community of the early 1990s."'' ''"'No one says IDM in England? No, only on message boards when they're talking to Americans!"'' Ben Stirling (2003), (Junkmedia.org ), published 28 July 2003.〕 In 2014, music critic Sasha Frere-Jones observed that the term "is widely reviled but still commonly used". He regards UK acts Aphex Twin and Autechre as central to the evolution of the genre.
==History==
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